Carburetor



C. N. POGUE March 11, 1930.

CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 20, 192'? 2 Sheets-Sheet C. N. POGUE March 11,1930.

CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 20, 1927 2 Sheots-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 11, 1930UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES NELSON POGUE, OI WINNIPEG, MANITOBA,CANADA, ASSIGNOB T0 ALFRED JOSEPH ANDREWS, TRUSTEE, 0F WINNIPEG, CANADACABBURETOR Application filed August 20,1927. Serial No. 214,861.

This invention relates, to improvements in carburetors, and the generalobjects of the invention are to economically produce a dry properlyproportioned combustible mixture from a liquid fuel, and generally toimprove and simplify the means for doing same.

More particular objects of the invention are to provide a positive feedof the liquid fuel, and the vaporization of the same after atomization,and further to provide for the preliminary heating of the combustiblemixture.

In its construction, the invention includes means for maintaining thesupply of liquid fuel, and atomizing the same, means for pos itivelyfeeding the fuel by both pumping means and a compressed air injector, avaporizing chamber, means for heating the vaporizing chamber from theexhaust gases of an engine, and means for effecting mixture of gases andvapors in the vaporizing chamber, all constructed and arranged asdescribed in detail in the accompanying specification and drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2'of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section on the hue 33 of Fi re 1.

In the drawings, like characters of reference indicate correspondingparts in all the figures.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates the casing of suitable shape toprovide for the various ports and passages, and to contaln certain oftheworking parts. I

B indicates the liquid fuel tank designed to contain gasolene, kerosene,crude oil, or other liquid fuel, to be vaporized, and convenientlyformed as an extension at one side of the casing A.

The required fuel may be supplied through a conduit 10 to an inlet port11, controlled by a needle valve 12 on a rod 13, pivoted to the pin 14,on the tank B, the opposite extremity of which is connected to a float15, by which a determined level of liquid is maintained in the tank B.For convenience in moving the float in the event of the valve sinking,or for other purposes, I provide a reciprocable plunger 16 in the top ofthe casing held in raised position by a spring 17, which extends betweenthe top of the casing and a knurled head 18 on the rod 16, the upwardmovement of the rod being limited by a pin 19, which engages theunderside of the casing.

A certain proportion of the liquid fuel in the chamber B is fed to thebottom of the casing A by means of a conduit 19, which may at one pointhave a screen 20 therein, opposite the drain plug 21.

The liquid fuel which accumulates in the bottom of the casing A isadapted to be positively raised therefrom by pumping means, theparticular pumping means, which I have illustrated, comprises areciprocable plunger C, mounted in a cylinder D. and actuated by a cam22 on a cross shaft 23, which may be driven in any convenient way asfrom the pulley 24. r,

The strap 25 surrounds the cam and is connected to the plunger C by alink 26. A port 27 in the side of the casing D permits the liquid fuelto float into the same, and on the downward'movement of the plunger C,it is propelled through distributing pipes or nozzles28, into theportion of the interior of the casing A, above the liquid level at thebottom thereof.

A plurality of distributingnozzles 28 are provided, arranged at a slightinclination to the vertical, and communicating through a port 29 at thebottom of the cylinder D. These nozzles 28 are tubular in form andprovided on the outer side with discharge ports 30, having on theoutside inclined deflecting plates 31, directed upwardly, whereby thedischarged liquid fuel will be directed upwardly into the part of thecasing A, which constitutes a vaporizing chamber E.

Conveniently the bottom of each of the nozzles 28 is provided with ascreen 32 opposite a drainage plug 33, and a check valve 32, the checkvalve preventing any condensate returning to the cylinder D.

The liquid fuel discharged from the nozzles 28 is designed to beatomized and to fa cilitate this, provision is made for the disconduit40.

charge of suitable quantities of air adjacent to the point where thefuel is discharged from the nozzles 28. The means I show for thispurpose, comprise air discharge nozzles 34, of tubular form designed todischarge adjacent to the upper ends of the nozzles 28, the lowerextremities of the nozzles 34 communicating with an air manifold 35,which communicates with an air supply either under atmospheric or anydesired pressure. In the case of the atmospheric pressure, the air willbe drawn in by the suction of the engine.

Means are also provided to provide a further supply of fuel and air inthe upper part of the vaporizing chamber E. These means include aninjector device F, having an interior air nozzle 36, connected to asupply of compressed air, and an outer fuel conduit 37, the'lowerextremity of which extends beneath the surface of the liquid fuel in thetank B.

The u per extremity of the conduit 37 is connected to-a discharge nozzle38 g lischarging near the top and at the centre of the vaporizingchamber E.

To further provide for mixing of the fuel and the air in the upper partof the vaporizing chamber, a mixing screen G is provided conveniently ofconical form, and supported on the interior side walls of the chamber E.

An outlet port 39 is provided in the top of the vaporizing chamber Ecommunicating with a connecting conduit 40, from which connections tothe cylinder of the engine, in which the combustible fuel is to be used,may be made. This conduit is preferably provided with a back-firingscreen 41, and a vapor control valve 42.

If it is desired to introduce water vapor into the combustible mixture,it may be done through a pipe 43 connecting the side of the For manyinstances, it will be desirable to pre-heat the combustible mixturewhile in the vaporizing chamber E. For this purpose, I surround thecasing E with a heating chamber H, through which the supply of hot gasesconveniently obtained from the exhaust of the engine is desired to pass.These hot gases being introduced through a port 44 at one side and out aconduit 45 at the opposite side, which matter may be conveniently led tothe muffler when the device is used on. an automobile.

To provide for proper circulation of the heating gases, a spiral bafile46 may be arranged within the chamber H.

It will also be found convenient to regulate the quantity of hot gasessupplied by a thermostat I, of any convenient form and connected to theconduit 47, which supplies the gases to the port 40.

In many instances, it is desired to provide for additional quantities ofair in the upper part of the vaporizing chamber E. For this purpcse Iprovide an auxiliar air conduit 48, opening into the chamber E near thetop thereof, and controlled by a butterfly valve 49.

As a further means to prevent backfiring,

I may provide avalve 50 in the conduit 40, adapted to be spring held inclosed position, but designed to be opened by the suction of the en ine.

. In t e operation of the device, the pump G is positivelyoperated by aturning of the shaft 23. This continuously dischar es fuel from thenozzle 28, which is atomize by the air passing through the nozzles 34,the engine producing a suction upon the chamber E in the usual way. Thechamber E being of relatively large size, temporarily maintains thecombustible mixture in suspension in order to enable the vapors of thesame to be complete.

As the gases or air rises to the top of the chamber, it meets furtherquantities of gas and air introduced through the conduit 38, and comingagainst the mixing screen C, is thoroughly admixed before passing out ofthe chamber. The heating gases passing through the chamber A, will alsoserve to complete the vaporization and form the proper proportion of drycombustible mixture.

As many changes could be made in the above construction, and manyapparently widely different embodiments of my invention, within thescope of the claims, constructed without departin from the spirit orscope thereof, it is inten ed that all matter contained in theaccompanying specification and drawings shall be interpreted asillustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What I claim as my invention is 1. A carburetor comprising a casing, the

upper part of which is adapted to form a vaporizing chamber, the lowerpart of which is adapted to contain liquid fuel, a fuel tank connectedto the bottom of the casing, a fioat valve arranged in the same,controlling the level of liquid, a conduit between the tank and thecasing, a reci rocating um in the casing, a plurality o nozzles f dr t esame having spaced openings and designed to discharge the fuel upwardly,a plurality of air nozzles opening adjacent to the aforesaid nozzles, aninjector adapted to be connected to a supply of compressed air, and tothe fuel in the aforesaid tank, a discharge nozzle for the injector inthe upper part of the vaporizing chamber, a screen in the upper part ofthe vaporizing chamber, a heating chamber surrounding the casing, andmeans for passing hot gases through the heating chamber.

2.-The device as claimed in claim 1, in which an auxiliary air supplyconduit is connected to the upper part of the vaporizing chamber.

3. In a carburetor and in combination a casing formed with a vaporizingchamber in the upper part. thereof and designed to contain a supply ofliquid fuel in the bottom thereof, pumping means provided to elevate theliquid fuel, a plurality of nozzles connected to the pumping meansdesigned to discharge the fuel in an u ward direction a luralit of P 1 Pa1r nozzles discharging ad 'acent to the aforesaid nozzles, means in theupper part of the casing for causing admixture between the fuel and theair, the fuel nozzles being tubular in form and provided with aplurality of discharge ports having deflecting plates on the exteriorthereof.

4. The combination of the device as claimed in claim 3 of compressed airmeans for feeding further quantities of fuel to the upper part of thevaporizing chamber.

5. The comblnation of the device as claimed in claim 3, of an injectoradapted to supply further quantities of fuel and air to the upper partof the vaporizingchamber.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my 7 hand.

CHARLES NELSON POGUE."

